Blow moulding process

Blow moulding is used to create hollow enclosed components and there are two basic types of technology: extrusion blow moulding and injection blow moulding. In extrusion blow moulding a parison or tube is produced by extrusion. A mould is then closed around the parison and the product is blown into the shape of the mould with compressed air. In injection blow moulding two moulds are used. A mandrel or blowing stick is placed in the first mould, and the thermoplastics material is then injected into the mould flowing around the mandrel to create a tube. This is then transferred to the second mould where air is introduced to expand it to the shape of the mould. A variation on this method is stretch blow moulding whereby the material is biaxially oriented to produce stronger products. This method is particularly used for the manufacture of PET bottles.

The global artificial grass market 2007

The global artificial grass market 2007
Report title: The global artificial grass market 2007
Date of publication: February 2008
Overview: The market for artificial grass surfaces has grown strongly in recent years, but has also been subject to substantial changes in technology and structure. While a number of companies have benefited from strong demand, a number of other participants have faced significant problems. AMI Consulting has been watching market developments since 2001 and is now updating an authoritative multi-client study looking at:
The size, growth and segmentation of the marketThe structure of the supply chainThe status of the technologyThe size and positioning of the main producers.By providing independent quantitative analysis, participants will gain a much stronger understanding of the scale of the market and the market share of the key participants. The analysis also puts into context the role of the sports governing bodies and the effect of their decisions.
The review of technology provides participants clear insight of leading edge performance and likely developments and hence what is required to meet the emerging needs of the market.
The report will be of particular interest to extruders and fabricators of grass yarn, but also to their suppliers (e.g. of resin, masterbatch, adhesives, machinery) and their customers and regulators (e.g. the system suppliers, installers, governing bodies).
Product scope: The study covers the market for artificial grass yarn and fabricated artificial turf and comments on related raw materials and machinery.
Market scope: The main artificial grass application investigated is sports surfaces and the report is segmented by sport. The report makes brief comment on other applications (e.g. mats and verges). The segments are: Soccer; Hockey; Tennis; Multi-purpose; Other sport; Other non-sport.
Geographic scope: The geographic scope is the world market segmented into: Europe; NAFTA; Asia; Other Regions (includes Africa, Middle East, South America).

blow moulding machines for cosmetics

blow moulding machines for cosmeticsBy extrusion blow-moulding technology we produce hollow-bodies, pots and tubes for different cosmeticsand personal care products, namely shampoos, creams and lotions, hair dyes, cleansing detergents,deodorizers, sticks, mascaras, bath-foams, eye drops contact lens solutions, foundations, talcum powder,sun creams, etc. Plastics are winning more and more share in the cosmetics and perfumery sectors and inthe field of personal care, thanks to the higher versatility in the bottle design and to infrangibility. Cosmeticsproducers require versatile machinery suitable for the production of excellent aesthetic appearancecontainers and able to guarantee durable quality over time. It is precisely thanks to these qualities that manyoperators have shown their preference for Plastiblow blow moulding machines, particularly appreciating theirability to achieve very strict thickness tolerances and very reduced times for colour changes.Well known throughout the world for their choice of quality technical solutions and for construction accuracy,the Plastiblow production range features several models with single or double carriage and single or multipleheads, both for single layer and multi-layer extrusion.Deep interest involved the new electrically activated Plastiblow machines for the production of containersdestined to the cosmetics field, basically because the absence of hydraulic actuators avoids anycontamination from products and environment and allows using the machine in white rooms with controlledatmosphere. These blow-moulding machines are the result of a highly trained mechanical project, developedby Plastiblow since the beginning of the 80’s and marked by the electric translation movement of the mouldcarriage, the absence of hydraulic units and by the substitution of hydraulic cylinders with servo-drivenmotors. These improvements brought along several advantages: movements evenness, decrease inproductions rejects, lower working costs, lower maintenance costs and reduction in the environmental impactthanks to the absence of hydraulic fluids and reduction in noise.Electric blow-moulding machines are particularly appreciated by those customers who work in the cosmeticfields and want to produce bottles of small size but excellent finish, very similar to glass. As a matter of factPlastiblow achieved brilliant results with multi-cavities machines to process PETG and PET by usingpatented heads whose design allows a very good distribution of the flows without stagnation points and theconsequent material burning. A recent application concerns the processing of a shower-gel for L’Oréalproduced with Plastiblow blow-moulding machines with 3+3 cavities.Multi-layer bottles are required to obtain special characteristics impossible to achieve with one singlematerial. Some customers, for instance, produce co-extruded bottles with a two-layer structure, named“deco” or “co-layer” resulting in a container with aesthetic and tactile (soft touch) gorgeous features by usingexpensive additives only in a thin external layer .Plastimac Spa Plastiblow machines for cosmetics pag.2When the barrier effect is required to avoid perfume or flavour dispersion, or to preserve those productsbeing exposed to the air and consequently to oxydation, cosmetics bottles have a make-up of up to 6 layers.Plastiblow have also developed long stroke machines particularly suitable for the cosmetics sector wherehigh productivity is required, for instance up to a million pieces per year. Thanks to their technologicalsolutions it is now possible to reach an output that earlier could only be obtained by rotary machines, with theadvantage of producing a calibrated neck bottle completely finished in the machine.For packaging needs Plastiblow study ad-hoc solutions on the basis of the customer needs. Combiningbottles handling by conveyors, manipulators with rotary movement or on Cartesian axes, etc, all controlledby personalized logics through microprocessors or plc.Finally, for the quality control of the bottles Plastiblow can offer several in-machine devices: tester fortightness, neck obstructions and axial collapsing, in-line weighing, scraps control devices, visual checking bydigital cameras.

What is important in plastics injection moulding technology

What is important in plastics injection moulding technology:

Injection Moulding Machine: Practical introduction to injection moulding machine cycletime and functions.And optimum machine for the mould. Moulds: Types of moulds - Their uses and benefits; Construction - Gates and runner , hotrunners type, ejection and cooling systems;

Design: Objectives and quality

Computer Based Assistance: Material selection (pe, pp, ldpe, pet, etc.) flow analysis and cad

Materials: Suppliers codes, interpreting data, storage and drying, fillers, relating test methods to finished products, industry terminology. Processing: Material behaviour during processing, the effects of mould temperature and filling rates etc. on economics and product quality. Standard machine controls and new control methods.

Machine Selection: Selecting the right machine for the product, closed loop, clamp mechanisms(hydraulic piston etc.), automation (robot or etc.) , manufacture and machine based Q.C. systems.

How does injection molding work

You can see here; How does injection molding work? step by step:



Step 1: Plastic granules are melted down and whit screwinjected into the mold.










Step 2: The mold is held under pressure (hold pressure) until the plastic material cools and hardens.









Step 3: Once the material ( plastic or metal) hardens, the mold is opened and the part is removed from mould.











Step 4 : Mould again closed and the process can be repeated.













All injection system use like this method.


Materials such as PS, nylon, PP and PE can be used in a process called injection moulding. These are thermoplastics.This means when they are heated and then pressured in a mould they can be formed into different shapes. Click a simple photo of an injection moulding machine is shown below.